The mining filling process is a complex and systematic process that involves multiple key steps. The following is a detailed summary of the mining filling process:

1、 Preliminary preparation
Feasibility Study of the Project: Conduct a comprehensive feasibility study on the mining filling project, including evaluations of technology, economy, environment, and other aspects.
Waste classification and disposal: Classify and dispose of waste generated during the mining process, such as ore tailings, coal gangue, mine slag, etc. Select appropriate treatment methods based on the characteristics of the waste, such as dry discharge, wet discharge, dehydration, concentration, etc.
Selection of filling materials: Choose appropriate filling materials based on filling requirements and waste characteristics. Common filling materials include fly ash, tailings, sand and gravel, cement, etc. After reasonable proportioning and processing, these materials can form a filling body with good fluidity and strength.
Equipment inspection and preparation: Check the filling equipment, such as mixers, pumps, conveying pipelines, etc., to ensure that they can operate normally. Meanwhile, prepare necessary grouting equipment and other auxiliary tools.
2、 Filling operation
Exploration and evaluation of goaf: Detailed exploration and evaluation of goaf, including geometric shape, size, geological conditions, and stability, to determine suitable filling schemes.
Slurry preparation: Mix the selected filling material with water to prepare a slurry suitable for filling. During this process, it is necessary to control parameters such as material ratio, mixing time, and mixing speed to ensure the uniformity and flowability of the slurry.
Grouting operation: Inject the prepared slurry into the goaf through grouting equipment. During the grouting process, it is necessary to monitor the flow and pressure of the slurry in real time to ensure the uniformity and compactness of the filling. Grouting operations are usually divided into multiple stages, gradually filling the goaf to prevent the overflow of slurry caused by rapid injection.
Support structure installation: As needed, support structures such as steel mesh and steel piles can be added during the filling process to enhance the stability and bearing capacity of the filling body.
3、 Post processing and monitoring
Solidification and curing of filling material: After filling is completed, appropriate curing should be carried out on the filling material to promote its solidification and strength improvement. During the maintenance period, the environmental humidity and temperature should be controlled to ensure that the filling material reaches the design strength.
Monitoring and maintenance: Long term monitoring of the filling material, including stability monitoring, settlement monitoring, etc. Regularly inspect the strength, settlement, and surrounding environmental changes of the filling material to ensure the safety of the goaf. At the same time, clean and maintain the used equipment to ensure that it is in good condition for the next use.
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